01820nas a2200265   4500000000100000000000100001008004100002653001100043653001500054653002000069653001200089653000900101100001200110700001200122700001200134700001700146700001500163700001200178245012900190856007200319300001100391490000600402520113200408022001401540       2022                            d10agenome10afatty acid10aseed coat color10aspecies10aChia1 aLe Wang1 aMay Lee1 aFei Sun1 aZhuojun Song1 aZituo Yang1 aGen Yue00aA chromosome-level genome assembly of chia provides insights into high omega-3 content and coat color variation of its seeds  uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590346222000761  a1003260 v33 a<p>Chia (Salvia hispanica) is a functional food crop for humans. Although its seeds contain high omega-3 fatty acids, the seed yield of chia is still low. Genomic resources available for this plant are limited. We report the first high-quality chromosome-level genome sequence of chia. The assembled genome size was 347.6 Mb&nbsp;and covered 98.1% of the estimated genome size. A total of 31 069 protein-coding genes were predicted. The absence of recent whole-genome duplication&nbsp;and the relatively low intensity of transposable element&nbsp;expansion&nbsp;in chia compared to its sister species&nbsp;contribute&nbsp;to its small genome size. Transcriptome sequencing and gene duplication analysis reveal&nbsp;that the expansion of the fab2 gene family is likely to be related to the high content of omega-3 in seeds. The white seed coat color is determined by a single locus on chromosome 4. This study provides novel insights into the evolution of Salvia species and high omega-3 content, as well as valuable genomic resources for genetic improvement of important commercial traits of chia and its related species.</p>
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